Eve: Execute-Verify Replication for Multi-Core Servers

This paper presents Eve, a new ExecuteVerify architecture that allows state machine replication to scale to multi-core servers. Eve departs from the traditional agree-execute architecture of state machine replication: replicas first concurrently and nondeterministically execute requests; then they verify, agree, and converge on the state and the outputs produced by a correct replica. Eve minimizes divergence through a mixer stage that applies application-specific rules to organize requests into batches of requests that are unlikely to interfere. Our evaluation suggests that Eve’s unique ability to combine execution independence with nondeterminism enables high-performance replication for multi-core servers while offering tolerance to a wide range of faults, including elusive concurrency bugs.